African Security
Sector Network

Project-Title

West African Civil Society Forum (WACSOF)

This programme aims to build the capacity of the West African Civil Society Forum and national civil society coalitions in monitoring governance and human security and contributing to ECOWAS’ early warning mechanisms. Its activities focuses on training members and national focal points of the West African Civil Society Forum in:

§  Analyzing historical and contemporary factors that have direct or indirect bearing on the level of state and societal stability;

§  Pursuing early warning with a pro-active programme for combating the threats to conflict management in the sub-region, by lobbying local and international actors and organizations working on democratic development and economic progress in the region, as well as relevant governments on possible threats to international peace and security;

§  Assessing the danger signals for escalation of conflict;

§  Address the gaps in turning warning into action

While much progress has been achieved in tracking down triggers of conflict, including the launch of zonal observation bureaux by ECOWAS, existing early warning mechanisms have so far not led to any meaningful narrowing of the gap between warning and action.  Hence, while the problem has not really been lack of knowledge about what the potential conflict triggers are, the response to conflicts in the sub-region has largely been reactive, rather than proactive.  By developing a range of indicators to monitor security trends, these assessments will focus on the practicalities of observation and monitoring of broader security situation and conflict triggers through surveys focusing on country as well as zonal dynamics. Our monitoring zones do not necessarily cohere to the ECOWAS Zonal Bureaux, but largely informed by a history of similar political and social context and geographical linkages. They approximate to a large extent to the Sene-Gambia zone, the Mano River Basin zone, the Sahelian states and the Coastal states.  It is possible to monitor conflict triggers that relate to these broad zones and to which the regional bodies and international institutions could anticipate with a view to working on preventive measures.  The zones are:

Zone 1 –  SENEGAMBIA - Senegal, Gambia, Cape Verde & Guinea Bissau Zone 2 -  GREATER MANO RIVER BASIN STATES - Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Cote d’Ivoire

Zone 3 – SAHEL STATES - Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso & (Mauritania-no longer ECOWAS member state but still a factor in conflict situations)

Zone 4 – COASTAL STATES - Nigeria, Ghana, Benin & Togo

It is our belief that the best teams to undertake the task of collection and collation of the monitoring information are the civil society actors in different zones.  Working with the West African Civil Society Forum(WACSOF) focal point at the ECOWAS secretariat, we propose the utilisation of the WACSOF national focal points, most of who were present at the November 2003 CDD-ASDR  “West African Consultation on the Role of Civil Society in the Implementation of the African Peer Review Mechanism”[1] and suggest ways of conducting the assessments on a regular basis, including ways of improving the work of the ECOWAS Observation Bureaux in terms of providing regular, well annotated and critical information on neglected security threats aimed at enhancing human security situation.

[1] See Communiqué issued at the CDD-ASDR Consultation on “The Role of Civil Society in the Implementation of African Peer Review Mechanism” held in Abuja, Nigeria, November 20-23, 2003, posted on www.cddnig.org